资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
首家中国航司恢复国际定期客运航班 民航市场加速回暖****** 本报记者 施 露 1月18日11时,吉祥航空HO1325航班于上海浦东国际机场顺利起飞,搭载201名旅客直飞泰国清迈,首班航班客座率达99%。此外,当天飞往泰国普吉的吉祥航空HO1321航班也于16时30分起飞。 这是目前中国航司首批恢复的国际定期客运航班,有利于进一步有序推动出境游市场的健康恢复及提升航空市场活力。 销售数据显示,航班恢复当周,上述两条航线平均客座率超八成。随着出境游的热度不断升温及利好政策出台,旅游需求将得到持续、有序释放。 去哪儿大数据研究院院长兰翔对《证券日报》记者表示,“相对2019年的平均价格,目前国际机票价格处于高位,整体国际航班恢复至正常水平仍需一定时间。” 将发力泰国航线网络覆盖 1月18日上午,吉祥航空在上海浦东国际机场举行仪式,庆祝率先恢复上海浦东至泰国清迈、普吉航线的定期国际客运航班运营。“航空业正稳步迈向复苏,完全得益于各项政策的不断落地、优化。”吉祥航空董事长王均金对《证券日报》记者表示,“成功恢复上海浦东至泰国清迈、普吉航线的每日航班运营,是航空与旅游业复苏的重大里程碑。我们期待未来能有更多国际与地区航线得以恢复往日生机,这将为国家持续高水平对外开放提供源源不断的交通动力。” 根据航班编排计划,除了从2023年1月18日起分别执行每天1班上海浦东至泰国清迈、普吉的航线外,吉祥航空还将于近期对上海浦东至普吉航线实现增班至每周10班。 与此同时,吉祥航空将持续发力泰国航线网络覆盖,上海浦东至曼谷航线自原先每周1班加密至每周7班,其中每周三航班使用吉祥航空旗舰787-9梦想飞机直飞曼谷素万那普机场、其余日期航班将降落曼谷廊曼机场。未来,吉祥航空将视市场与客流情况,继续加密上海浦东至曼谷航线至每周8班。 “2023年是泰国旅游年,我们热烈欢迎中国游客到访泰国,体验历史悠久又富有地区特色的泰国文化,感受神奇泰国的新篇章。”泰国国家旅游局上海办事处处长罗兰在仪式现场表示,“我们期待吉祥航空未来能够开通更多泰中间直飞航线,通过航空运输的桥梁加深中泰一家亲的人文交流与两国传统友谊。” 民航业正快速修复 近日,吉祥航空控股股东——均瑶集团总裁、均瑶健康董事长王均豪公开表示,“航空市场正在快速恢复,不仅国际航班满座,国内航班也恢复到七八成的水平,随着中国春节的到来,还将继续回暖,相信国际航线还会不断加密班次。” 去哪儿大数据研究院副院长郭乐春认为,“出入境政策调整有利于促进国际航班有序恢复,但受限于国际航班编排审批,航班供给量不会大幅增加。目前计划航班数量仅400班,即使全部执飞也仅仅达到2019年的10%,机票价格仍处于高位。但是我们也看到,往返中国的直飞国际航班持续增多,恢复势头是可喜的。” 华泰证券在研报中表示,中长期来看,2023年或将成为我国民航复苏开启之年,我国民航业有望进入修复通道。供给端,机队增速放缓与内生需求之间的缺口逐年累积,将成为行业持续景气向上的重要催化剂,为航司收益水平和盈利上涨提供动力。 华创证券表示,春运首周(1月7日至1月13日),铁路、民航客运量单日已接近2019年春运同期的80%左右,国内民航旅客量发送量已达到2019年春运同期的85%左右。春运第八天(1月14日),全民航执行客运航班量12028架次,恢复至2019年春运同期的79.8%,其中国内航班量11752架次,恢复至2019年春运同期的94.5%。 数据显示,1月1日至13日,三大航航班量环比去年12月整体提升62.4%。另外,春秋航空环比提升23.8%,吉祥提升33.4%,华夏提升28%。票价上,1月14日全民航平均票价同比提升35%,较2019年同期提升8%。 从机场客流来看,今年春运至今,浦东机场日均航班量692班,较去年12月份日均航班量环比提升74%,航班量恢复至2019年春运同期的55%;白云机场日均航班量936班,较12月份平均提升129%,航班量恢复至2019年的74%,深圳机场日均航班量831班,航班量恢复至2019年的90%;三亚机场日均航班量383航班量恢复至2019年的105%。(证券日报) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |